Xylaria hypoxylon, commonly known as the Candle Snuff Fungus or Stag's Horn Fungus, is a common wood decay fungus, found particularly in deciduous forests. This fungus is easily recognizable by its erect, antler-like fruiting bodies that are blackened at the base and white at the tips. The fruiting bodies, known as stromata, can grow up to 8cm tall and have a tough, woody texture. Initially, they are covered in white asexual spores that give them a powdery appearance, but as they mature, they produce sexual spores (ascospores) within dark, hard structures called perithecia that are embedded in the fruitbody. X. hypoxylon is widely distributed across North America, Europe and Asia, appearing from late summer to winter. It plays a crucial role in breaking down dead wood, thus recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. While not toxic, it is considered inedible due to its tough texture and lack of culinary value. The species is part of the Xylariaceae family, which includes many fungi important for their ecological roles and potential medicinal properties.